Renal Denervation-Hypes and Hopes

Research and developing countries: hopes and hypes.

The paper outlines the universal problem of ensuring ethical practices in human subject research, and focuses on specific difficulties faced in the developing world with particular reference to Pakistan. It discusses the influence of traditional and hierarchical social norms of physician-patient relationships in heightening these problems. Two emerging issues of specific concern in Pakistan are...

Discovering the genetic basis of essential hypertension: hypes and hopes.

Adult stem cells: hopes and hypes of regenerative medicine.

Stem cells are self-renewing cells that can differentiate into specialized cell type(s). Pluripotent stem cells, i.e. embryonic stem cells (ESC) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) differentiate into cells of all three embryonic lineages. Multipotent stem cells, like hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), can develop into multiple specialized cells in a specific tissue. Unipotent cells differenti...

The Hoops, Hopes, and Hypes of Human Microbiome Research

Recent developments in sequencing methods and bioinformatics analysis tools have greatly enabled the culture-independent analysis of complex microbial communities associated with environmental samples, plants, and animals. This has led to a spectacular increase in the number of studies on both membership and functionalities of these hitherto invisible worlds, in particular those of the human mi...

Enteroscopy in small-bowel Crohn’s disease (CD): hypes and hopes

Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammation of the intestines that follows a relapsing or remitting course. Endoscopic imaging and radiological imaging are essential for diagnosis and to assess disease severity, response to treatment, and complications. CD most commonly affects the terminal ileum, which is accessible with conventional ileocolonoscopy. Nevertheless, jejunal lesions are presen...